Methods: This is a clinical trial. Participants were 80 female outpatients with COVID-19 (positive PCR) referred to three hospitals in Qazvin, Iran in 2021. They were randomly divided into four groups of ERT (n=20, received group ERT at 10 sessions), CBSM (n=20, received group CBSM at 10 sessions), EMDR (n=20, received group EMDR therapy at 8 sessions), and control (n=20). The instruments were the depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS-21), the 10-item repetitive thinking questionnaire (RTQ-10), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) completed before, immediately after, and one month after the interventions.

Results: After treatment, the mean DASS-21 and RTQ-10 scores decreased and the CD-RISC score increased in all groups, mostly in three intervention groups, where the effects of interventions were maintained for one month. The differences in all study variables were significant over time in the intervention groups compared to the control group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences among the intervention groups.

Conclusion: All three therapies are effective in reducing psychological disorders and negative thoughts and improving resilience of women with COVID-19. There is no significant difference between their efficacies. These interventions are recommended for these women in medical centers during major catastrophic health-related events in the future.”