The role of alternating bilateral stimulation in establishing positive cognition in EMDR therapy: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study

This article looks at the effects of bilateral stimulation in EMDR therapy’s resource development and installation (RDI) by way of multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy imaging.

Article Abstract

“Improving extinction learning is essential to optimize psychotherapy for persistent fear-related disorders. In two independent studies (both n = 24), we found that goal-directed eye movements activate a dorsal frontoparietal network and transiently deactivate the amygdala (η_p² = 0.17). Connectivity analyses revealed that this downregulation potentially engages a ventromedial prefrontal pathway known to be involved in cognitive regulation of emotion. Critically, when eye movements followed memory reactivation during extinction learning, it reduced spontaneous fear recovery 24 h later (η_p² = 0.21). Stronger amygdala deactivation furthermore predicted a stronger reduction in subsequent fear recovery after reinstatement (r = 0.39). In conclusion, we show that extinction learning can be improved with a noninvasive eye-movement intervention that triggers a transient suppression of the amygdala. Our finding that another task which taxes working memory leads to a similar amygdala suppression furthermore indicates that this effect is likely not specific to eye movements, which is in line with a large body of behavioral studies. This study contributes to the understanding of a widely used treatment for traumatic symptoms by providing a parsimonious account for how working-memory tasks and goal-directed eye movements can enhance extinction-based psychotherapy, namely through neural circuits (e.g., amygdala deactivation) similar to those that support cognitive control of emotion.”

—Description from publisher

Article Access

Open Access

Amano, T., & Toichi, M. (2016). The role of alternating bilateral stimulation in establishing positive cognition in EMDR therapy: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study. PLOS One, 11(10): e0162735. Open access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162735

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